Tóm tắt:
Nguồn nhân lực được đánh giá là một nguồn vốn tiềm năng của doanh nghiệp, nhất là trong thời đại phát triển dựa trên tri thức. Ngân hàng là một lĩnh vực quan trọng trong nền kinh tế, đòi hỏi nguồn nhân lực chất lượng cao. Nghiên cứu dựa trên dữ liệu của 28 ngân hàng thương mại (NHTM) tại Việt Nam trong giai đoạn 2008–2023, sử dụng phương pháp hồi quy moment tổng quát (SGMM) nhằm phân tích tác động của vốn con người (HC) đến ổn định ngân hàng (OĐNH) tại các NHTM Việt Nam. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy HC có tác động cùng chiều đến OĐNH tại các NHTM Việt Nam, tuy nhiên tồn tại mối quan hệ phi tuyến. Tác động của biến tương tác giữa HC và đa dạng hóa cho thấy, ngân hàng nên phân bổ HC đa dạng vào các lĩnh vực. Trong trường hợp không thực hiện đa dạng hóa, hiệu quả của HC sẽ giảm khi chỉ đầu tư tập trung vào lĩnh vực tín dụng. Ngoài ra, nghiên cứu cũng chỉ ra rằng các biến sở hữu nhà nước, chuyển đổi số (CDS) có tác động cùng chiều đến OĐNH, bên cạnh đòn bẩy tài chính và quy mô có tác động ngược chiều. Trên cơ sở đó, nghiên cứu đề xuất hàm ý chính sách để các NHTM tại Việt Nam hoạt động ổn định hơn trong tương lai.
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Abstract:
Human resources have been recognized as a potential capital source for enterprises, especially in the era of knowledge-based development. The banking sector is a critical part of the economy and demands a high-quality workforce. This study is based on data from 28 commercial banks in Vietnam during the period from 2008 to 2023. It employs the System Generalized Method of Moments (SGMM) regression technique to analyze the impact of human capital on banking stability in Vietnam. The research results show that human capital has a positive effect on banking stability in Vietnam. However, there is a nonlinear relationship. The impact of the interaction between human capital and diversification indicates that human capital should be invested across various areas. Over-concentration in credit-related activities may reduce its effectiveness. Moreover, the study reveals that state ownership and digital transformation exert a positive influence on bank stability, whereas financial leverage and bank size have a negative impact. Based on these findings, the study proposes policy implications for commercial banks in Vietnam to operate more stably in the future.