Số 236 | Tháng 11/2025
Liệu nguồn vốn trí tuệ có cải thiện khả năng cạnh tranh? Bằng chứng từ các công ty du lịch tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Chu Thúy Anh, Huỳnh Quang Linh
Tóm tắt:
Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu này khám phá mối quan hệ giữa các thành phần của vốn trí tuệ (VTT), bao gồm vốn nhân lực (VNL), vốn quan hệ (VQH) và vốn cấu trúc (VCT). Đồng thời, nghiên cứu tác động của chúng đối với năng lực cạnh tranh (NLCT) trong ngành du lịch tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (TP. HCM). Mục tiêu là làm rõ sự tương tác và ảnh hưởng của các thành phần này đến NLCT.
Thiết kế nghiên cứu/phương pháp/tiếp cận: Nghiên cứu áp dụng phương pháp hỗn hợp, bắt đầu bằng phỏng vấn chuyên sâu với các chuyên gia để xây dựng mô hình. Sau đó, dữ liệu được thu thập từ khảo sát trực tuyến các nhà quản trị tại những doanh nghiệp du lịch (DNDL) và phân tích bằng kỹ thuật PLS-SEM để kiểm định giả thuyết.
Kết quả nghiên cứu chính: Kết quả nghiên cứu chỉ ra VNL và VQH đóng vai trò cốt lõi trong việc thúc đẩy NLCT của doanh nghiệp, VCT giữ vai trò trung gian quan trọng và tác động trực tiếp. Những phát hiện này cung cấp cơ sở khoa học, nhấn mạnh tầm quan trọng của việc quản lý và đầu tư hiệu quả vào VTT.
Giá trị đóng góp mới: Điều này giúp các nhà quản lý và hoạch định chính sách nâng cao NLCT và đạt được sự phát triển bền vững trong ngành du lịch.
Tài liệu tham khảo:
- Al-Khoury, A., Hussein, S. A., Abdulwhab, M., Aljuboori, Z. M., Haddad, H., Ali, M. A., ... & Flayyih, H. H. (2022). Intellectual capital history and trends: A bibliometric analysis using Scopus database. Sustainability, 14(18), 11615.
- Altarawneh, I. (2017). Effect of intellectual capital on competitive advantage in the Jordanian pharmaceutical companies. European Journal of Business and Management, 9(5), 39-53.
- Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120.
- Chin, W. W. (1998). Commentary: Issues and opinion on structural equation modeling. MIS quarterly, vii-xvi.
- Ditkaew, K. (2023). Strategic Management Accounting on Competitive Advantage. International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management (IJABIM), 14(1), 1-17.
- Edeh, E., Lo, W.-J., & Khojasteh, J. (2022). Review of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 30(1), 165-167. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705511.2022.2108813.
- Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sartedt, M. (2016). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) (2nd ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Ltd.
- Hair Jr, J., Sarstedt, M., Hopkins, L., & G. Kuppelwieser, V. (2014). Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). European Business Review, 26(2), 106-121. https://doi.org/10.1108/ebr-10-2013-0128.
- Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2014). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115-135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8.
- Hsu, L. C., & Wang, C. H. (2012). Clarifying the effect of intellectual capital on performance: the mediating role of dynamic capability. British journal of management, 23(2), 179-205.
- Hsu, Y. H., & Fang, W. (2009). Intellectual capital and new product development performance: The mediating role of organizational learning capability. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 76(5), 664-677.
- Lekić, N., Carić, M., Soleša, D., Vapa Tankosić, J., Rajaković-Mijailović, J., Bogetić, S., & Vučičević, M. (2021). Employees’ perceptions on the relationship of intellectual capital and business performance of ICT companies. Sustainability, 14(1), 275.
- Lv, W., & Salam, Z. A. (2020). Evaluation and research on financial competitiveness of innovation-driven enterprises based on interval data mining. International journal of pattern recognition and artificial intelligence, 34(12), 2059040.
- Mehralian, G., Rasekh, H. R., Akhavan, P., & Ghatari, A. R. (2013). Prioritization of intellectual capital indicators in knowledge-based industries: Evidence from pharmaceutical industry. International Journal of Information Management, 33(1), 209-216.
- Nadeem, M., Gan, C., & Nguyen, C. (2017). Does intellectual capital efficiency improve firm performance in BRICS economies? A dynamic panel estimation. Measuring Business Excellence, 21(1), 65-85.
- Novas, J. C., Alves, M. D. C. G., & Sousa, A. (2017). The role of management accounting systems in the development of intellectual capital. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 18(2), 286-315. https://doi.org/10.1108/JIC-08-2016-0079.
- Olohunlana, A. O., Odeleye, A. T., & Isola, W. A. (2023). Determinants of the intellectual capital efficiency of listed banks in Nigeria: a DEA approach. Journal of Business and Socio-economic Development, 3(1), 86-96.
- Pires, R. A., & Alves, M. C. (2011). Contributions to the measurement and management of intellectual capital: an accounting perspective. In Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Information Management and Evaluation (pp. 411-419). Academic Publishing Limited.
- Pires, R. A., Alves, M. C., & Fernandes, C. (2019). Management and mobilization of intellectual capital using strategic management accounting practices: a theoretical approach. In 34th International Business Information Management Association Conference (pp. 13914-13924). International Business Information Management Association (IBIMA).
- Porter, M. E. (1999). Competição: estratégias competitivas essenciais. Gulf Professional Publishing.
- Rehman, A. U., Aslam, E., & Iqbal, A. (2022). Intellectualcapital efficiency and bank performance: Evidencefrom Islamic banks. Borsa Istanbul Review, 22(1), 113-121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2021.02.004.
- Riahi‐Belkaoui, A. (2003). Intellectual capital and firm performance of US multinational firms: A study of the resource‐based and stakeholder views. Journal of Intellectual capital, 4(2), 215-226.
- Seleim, A., & Bontis, N. (2013). National intellectual capital and economic performance: empirical evidence from developing countries. Knowledge and Process Management, 20(3), 131-140.
- Sharabati, A. A. A., Jawad, S. N., & Bontis, N. (2010). Intellectual capital and business performance in the pharmaceutical sector of Jordan. Management decision, 48(1), 105-131.
- Stewart, T. (1998). Intellectual capital: the new wealth of organizations. Currency/Doubleday.
- Ullah, A., Pinglu, C., Ullah, S., Qian, N. Y., & Zaman, M. (2021). Impact of intellectual capital efficiency onfinancial stability in banks: Insights from an emerging economy abstract. International Journal of Finance & Economics, 28(2), 1858-1871. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijfe.2512.
- Vithana, K., Soobaroyen, T., & Ntim, C. G. (2021). Human resource disclosures in UK corporate annual reports: to what extent do these reflect organisational priorities towards labour?. Journal of Business Ethics, 169(3), 475-497. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04289-3.
- Xu, J., & Liu, F. (2021). Nexus between intellectual capital and financial performance: An investigation of Chinese manufacturing industry. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 22(1), 217-235.
- Xu, J., Haris, M., & Yao, H. (2019). Should listed banks be concerned with intellectual capital in emerging Asian markets? A comparison between China and Pakistan. Sustainability, 11(23), 6582. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11236582.
- Xu, X. L., & Liu, C. K. (2019). How to keep renewable energy enterprises to reach economic sustainable performance: from the views of intellectual capital and life cycle. Energy, Sustainability and Society, 9, 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13705-019-0187-2.
Does Intellectual Capital Improve Competitiveness? Evidence from Tourism Companies in Ho Chi Minh City
Abstract:
Purpose: This study explores the relationship between the components of intellectual capital (VTT) including human capital (VNL), relational capital (VQH), and structural capital (VCT); and their impact on the competitiveness of tourism businesses in Ho Chi Minh City. The main objective is to clarify how these components interact and influence competitive capacity.
Design/methodology/approach: The research used mixed methods, beginning with in-depth interviews with industry experts to develop the research model. Subsequently, the data was collected from an online survey of managers at tourism businesses and analyzed using the PLS-SEM (Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling) technique to test the hypotheses.
Findings: The findings indicate that human capital and relational capital play a pivotal role in driving a firm's competitiveness, with structural capital acting as a significant mediator and also having a direct impact. These results provide a scientific basis, highlighting the importance of effectively managing and investing in intellectual capital.
Originality/value: This can help managers and policymakers enhance competitive advantage and achieve sustainable development in the tourism sector.